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Facts
- Orientation of runway according to wind data
- Implemented in AutoCAD
- DXF and DWG interface
Scope of the application
RDO is used to determine the runway orientation according to the wind situation at the specific site of the planned airport. Furthermore the module can be used to check the wind situation at airports where the runways already exist or the runway cannot be built with optimal orientation (e.g. due to obstacle limitations). In this case more information on the operation with respect to the wind is needed (e.g. probability of limitation of flights due to heavy cross wind). For planning, the maximum permissible crosswind components are provided by ICAO and FAA for the standard planning of an airport.
The planning can also be done according to a reference aircraft where the maximum permissible crosswind component is published. This has to be done according to the regulations set by JAR (Joint Aviation Requirements) or FAR (Federal Aviation Requirements).
The data on the maximum permissible crosswind component can be taken from the aircraft database included in the Airport Office or the regulation database which includes the most common regulations set by ICAO. The standards of FAA and ICAO recommend that the runway layout should be orientated in such manner so that the usability factor of the airport is not less than 95 %.
The calculation of the runway orientation according to the wind is done in the Airport Office Wind Module RDO on the basis of the "wind rose method" - a graphical vector analysis. The essential input data is the percentage of time in which winds blow from particular directions at various velocities in all weather conditions. This data can be imported via a standardised ASCII interface or manually via an input mask. The wind data should be as accurate as possible and extend for as long a period as possible. A period of at least five years is recommended.
Furthermore the program takes into account that the wind data is usually given in true North, while the runway orientation and numbering are based on the magnetic azimuth. The true azimuth of the wind is changed to the magnetic one. Therefore the variations have to be given from the user.
Based on this information, RDO calculates the optimal orientation of the runway. If the optimal position, according to the requested usability factor, cannot be found, the program will add another runway to the calculation. This will be done until the requested usability factor is reached. If there is more than one possible orientation, all options will then be indicated to the user. The following table gives an overview of input and output data of the wind module.
Input
- Maximum permissible crosswind component - Wind speed (taken from FAA / ICAO planning database, aircraft database, set manually).
- Requested usability factor
- Wind data - Percentage of wind directions and velocities (via standard interface or input mask).
- Maximum number of runways
- Variation between true and magnetic azimuth
Output
- Orientation of runway(s) - Orientation stored to Airport Office airport database
- Wind rose - For selected orientation the wind rose can be exported as DWG and DXF format to the airport drawing.
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